Urinary tract inflammation is not only a common problem among women;half of humanity also suffers from this disease, but less often due to physiological peculiarities.The main symptoms of cystitis in men are: more frequent urination and pain, discomfort and pain in the suprapubic region, impurities in the urine.Therapy includes the use of antimicrobial drugs and various procedures.
What is cystitis
Bacterial infection leads to inflammation of the bladder.It occurs when pathogens enter the target organ through the urethra.The disease is classified as a lower urinary tract infection.The male urethra is longer than the female urethra, so cystitis occurs less often in the stronger half of humanity than in women.
Reasons
Observance of simple rules of personal hygiene allows a young man to avoid cystitis with almost one hundred percent probability.The risk of the disease increases in old age.Cystitis is often caused by other conditions, such as urethral stricture, urolithiasis, and chronic sexually transmitted infections.Weakened immunity is also a trigger, and this is often caused by the use of cytostatics and hormonal drugs.
The cause of cystitis in women is an infection that rises from the urethra, vagina, or anus, while in men it spreads from the urethra, epididymis, prostate gland, and seminal vesicles.The presence of urological problems leading to narrowing of the urethra and stagnation of urine can cause the disease.Obstruction of the urethra by any foreign body, stones, diverticula (protrusion of the organ wall), prostate adenoma can lead to cystitis.
Because the infection is difficult to penetrate into the male bladder, cystitis can occur in the background of other diseases, such as cystitis, orchitis, urethritis, prostatitis and epididymitis.Urogenital infection occurs when ureaplasma, treponema pallidum (syphilis), gonococcus, mycoplasma, staphylococci, streptococci, enterobacteria, enterococci, trichomonas, chlamydia, proteus, herpesvirus, cytomegalovirus, papillomavirus, fungicidiasis, escherichonas coli and P. Klebsiella, Listeria or coliform bacteria.
The infection can also be descending if it is caused by renal tuberculosis or pyelonephritis.A cystitis kialakulásának kedvező feltételei lehetnek a rossz szokások, a stressz, a rossz táplálkozás és a túlzott fizikai aktivitás jelenléte.Az arcüreggyulladás, az influenza, a krónikus mandulagyulladás, bár először a légzőrendszert érintik, a véráramon keresztül átterjedhetnek más szervekre, és baktériumokat juttathatnak be a hólyagba.This leads to the fact that cystitis often occurs as a complication of infectious diseases.
Doctors can introduce the infection during catheterization or cystoscopy in the hospital.Other contributing factors include diabetes, hypothermia, stress, lack of sleep, abdominal surgery, prostate resection, transurethral surgery, and malignancies of the urethra and prostate.
The first signs of cystitis in men
If an inflammatory process is suspected, treatment should not be delayed.Men are diagnosed with cystitis and prescribed antibiotics.The first signs of the disease can be detected independently if:
- frequent urination
- pain in the lower abdomen;
- burning sensation during urination;
- blood, mucus and pus in the urine;
- general weakness, temperature above normal (37°C).
Symptoms
Cystitis in men is defined by pronounced symptoms.The development of the disease in an acute form is indicated by frequent urination, difficulties and painful sensations in the lower abdomen, and cloudy urine.If these phenomena occur, you should consult a urologist as soon as possible.A frequent urge to urinate is one of the main symptoms of cystitis, while a very small amount of fluid may come out during a single trip to the toilet, and incontinence is common.
With cystitis, the man may have to make an effort to start urinating.There are also painful sensations, burning or stinging sensations, which are especially strong at the beginning and at the end of urination.The strength and intensity of the pain varies and may be accompanied by discomfort in the penis, perineum and pubic area.In men, the symptoms of cystitis are accompanied by increased body temperature, headache, fatigue, weakness, increased sweating, chills and decreased appetite.
With the hemorrhagic, gangrenous form of cystitis, the urine becomes cloudy.It may contain blood and mucus, and a sharp, unpleasant smell of rotting appears.The amount of urine decreases to 400 ml per day.The symptoms of cystitis in men are mild if a chronic form is detected.There is almost no pain, the frequency of urination increases slightly, and there is only mucus in the urine.This form of the disease has periods of exacerbation and remission.
Chronic cystitis
This form is characterized by few symptoms and often has a steady or fluctuating course.So, the complications of cystitis in men in the chronic form are as follows:
- leukocyturia persists (an increase in the number of leukocytes in the urine);
- pyuria (presence of pus in the urine);
- proteinuria (excretion of protein in the urine to a greater extent than normal);
- macroscopic or microscopic hematuria (presence of blood in the urine);
- the presence of mucus in the urine.
Spicy
This form of cystitis has extensive symptoms.The main manifestations indicating the acute phase are the following:
- frequent urination, including nocturia (predominance of nocturnal diuresis);
- compulsive urges;
- stranguria (pain, difficulty urinating);
- cloudy urine;
- terminal hematuria;
- fever, chills, reduced ability to work;
- pain, stinging and burning sensation during urination,
- pain in the suprapubic region, penis, groin, scrotum;
- decrease in the amount of urine (up to 10-20 ml);
- development of incontinence;
- leukocyturia, hematuria, pyuria.
- poisoning (hemorrhagic, gangrenous or phlegmonous form);
- cloudy color of urine, putrid smell of excrement, dirt from cuts and mucus.
Treatment
In order to prevent cystitis, it is important to prevent cystitis in men.If, despite this, it was not possible to protect yourself and the first signs of the disease appear, you should visit a specialist as soon as possible.Therapy is prescribed only after the urologist has collected a complete history and performed tests.Acute cystitis, accompanied by severe pain and persistent urinary retention, requires hospitalization and a detailed study of the processes occurring in the body to determine the type of causative microorganism.The following are recommended as general therapy:
- Bed rest during the acute period of the disease, use of antipyretics, consumption of large amounts of liquid (up to 2.5 liters per day), adherence to a diet without sour, spicy and salty foods in the diet.
- Antibiotics.Once the pathogen is identified, antimicrobial agents are prescribed.The most common are fluoroquinolones, nitrofurans and cephalosporins.Medicines are taken for a week.
- Phytotherapy.Diuretic and anti-inflammatory herbs are effective against cystitis.Medicinal teas (bearberry, horsetail, lingonberry leaves) will be useful for this disease.Such drugs have a supportive effect and help reduce inflammation.You should be aware of the possibility of an allergic reaction to herbs.Cranberry juice or fruit drink will be helpful;tablets containing cranberry extract are effective.Such drugs reduce the concentration of the antibiotic, so they can be used after the end of the treatment.
- Anticonvulsant medications and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs help relieve pain.
- Some sexually transmitted infections can lead to cystitis in men.The treatment regimen is prescribed by a specialist.
- Immunomodulators and probiotics.Such remedies help the body recover after a course of antibiotics.They are not directly involved in the treatment of the disease.Immunomodulators help the body fight pathogens, and probiotics restore the intestinal microflora.
- The course of treatment depends on concurrent diseases, such as pyelonephritis, urolithiasis, adenomectomy, prostatitis.Therapy of these diseases is necessary to cure cystitis.
- Bladder washing.In some cases, this procedure is recommended using antiseptics;the use of novocaine blockades is effective.
- Physiotherapy.At the end of the acute period of the disease, ultrasound procedures, UHF, mud therapy, magnetic laser therapy and electrophoresis are used to accelerate the healing and absorption of the body.